10 Rare Hairless Dog Breeds – The Guide to All Hairless Dogs

Dogs come in all shapes and sizes, with many colors of coat. And while some may have long hair, others will have short fur. However, these aren’t the only two coat options. In fact, did you know that there are a handful of hairless dogs?

In fact, there are just 10 hairless dog breeds in this world. Some are completely hairless, but others have areas with at least some hair. For our criteria, they’ll need to be mostly hairless. In addition, some popular dogs, such as the Chihuahua, have a hairless variation too.

So, let’s dive into all the wonderful dogs with no hair. After all, the dogs’ hairless coats aren’t the only thing unique and special about them. Plus, we’ll discuss the extra care and attention needed to keep a hairless dog breed healthy.

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All Hairless Dog Breeds

The most famous hairless dogs are the Xoloitzcuintli, Chinese Crested, Hairless Chihuahua, Peruvian Inca Orchid and the American Hairless Terrier.

However, other hairless dog breeds include the Ecuadorian Hairless, Argentine Pila, Abyssinian Sand Terrier, Hairless Khala and the Jonangi. Read on to learn more.

1. American Hairless Terrier

Highlights: Lively, Alert, Friendly

The American Hairless Terrier is one of a few hairless dog breeds that has been recognized by the AKC. First bred in Louisiana during the 1970’s, the American Hairless Terrier was made specially for allergy-sensitive owners.

These dogs are Rat Terriers, but hairless. As a matter of fact, they’re a natural variation of Rat Terriers without purpose-breeding needed. Though, breeding for these dogs didn’t happen until a hairless Rat Terrier was born into a litter in Louisiana.

They may seem small, but they actually grow up to 16 inches. Often times, they will even have eyebrows and whiskers with ears that are always V-shaped and erect. With these dogs, extra care is needed, as they will be prone to sunburns, while also struggling in the cold.

American Hairless Temperament

As for temperaments, the American Hairless is very similar to the Rat Terrier (duh). That is, the American Hairless is highly intelligent, curious by nature and very playful. They’re as active and energetic as one would expect from a terrier breed.

On the down side, the American Hairless are known to be a stubborn little dog. And when it comes to obedience training, they need a lot of patience and consistency. This dog breed won’t do you bidding for the sake of doing it. They need some motivation.

And while they play well with children, they can be a little protective of them (and the rest of the family pack too). That being said, the American Hairless is a great watchdog for all types of people, especially those suffering from allergies.

2. Xoloitzcuintli

Highlights: Loyal, Docile, Vigilant

The Xoloitzcuintli, famously known as the Mexican Hairless Dog, is a hairless dog that’s also recognized by the AKC. In fact, they’re part of the non-sporting dog group. They’re Mexican dog breeds, dating back to over 3,500 years ago.

These hairless dogs were the companions and watchdogs of the ancient Aztecs. And much like other hairless breeds, the Xoloitzcuintli also comes in a coated variation. But the hairless dog is much more popular and iconic.

Coated-dogs, though, have a short and sleek coat. In addition, there are three size varieties for the Mexican Hairless Dog. These dogs can come in toy, miniature and standard size! Even with the options, the Xolo can adapt into any household.

Xoloitzcuintli Temperament

These ancient Xolo dogs have very “primitive instincts.” For example, their hunting and social instincts are not like very many dogs. And because these dogs weren’t bred for a certain job, these dogs had very little modification or human intervention.

With that said, the Xoloitzcuintli is a very intelligent dog breed, though they weren’t tested in Coren’s smartest dog breeds list. On the other hand, they can be sensitive at times, but they’re typically lively and energetic dogs.

With strong hunting instincts, they’ll need plenty of socialization to get along with other dogs and small pets. They can become excellent companions to children, though some extra training may be necessary. The earlier the better with the Xolo.

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3. Peruvian Inca Orchid

Highlights: Dignified, Loving, Loyal

The Peruvian Inca Orchid is a FCI recognized breed, originating from Peru. Similar to the Xoloitzcuintli, a Peruvian Inca Orchid comes in three size variations, but also a coated version as well. And despite being labeled “hairless,” they’re not completely without hair.

As a matter of fact, they’re famous for their mo-hawk style hair. Plus, they have hair on their tails too. It’s worth noting that the skin of the Peruvian Inca Orchid can be very sensitive and delicate. Proper care is needed to keep them healthy.

In addition, the skin is often a solid color with spots, though it really depends on the dog. Still, they’re very good sighthounds, similar to the Greyhound. This means they’re hunting dogs that help owners spot game or track them down.

Peruvian Inca Orchid Temperament

The Peruvian Incas are great family dogs because they serve as both companions and watch dogs. In fact, owners tend to describe them as loving and affectionate with family, though it takes a while for them to warm up to strangers.

Like most sighthounds, the Peruvian Incas are lively and energetic. Additionally, they’re agile yet athletic too! This means they’ll need moderate exercise to keep them from bad behaviors. We recommend they get around 30 minutes per day.

Peruvian Incas are fairly obedient and intelligent dogs. Although these sighthounds get along with other dogs, it’s not a good idea to put them in a room with cats. The hunting instinct of these dogs is strong and will require heavy socialization.

4. Chinese Crested

Highlights: Loving, Alert, Energetic

To be fair, the Chinese Crested has more hair than all the other “hairless” dogs on this list. Their heads are usually full of hair, maybe even more than some dogs. In addition, they’ll also have hair on their feet, though the body is hairless.

The fur variation of the Crestie is called the “powderpuff” and is a recessive gene. This means you will likely find both in the same litter. But because hairless Chinese Cresteds tend to have sensitive skin, they can be prone to the same skin issues we experience.

For example: not only can they get sunburns, but also rashes and even blackheads or acne. Aside from the coat, there is very little difference between the two variations. In fact, they have pretty much same temperaments and personalities.

Chinese Crested Temperament

These dogs are fun little companions – no doubt. They were bred to be excellent lap dogs and that’s what they love doing best. Though the Chinese Crested has a playful side, they’re quite affectionate and loving when it comes to family.

They’ll stand by your side no matter what! Chinese Crested dogs are famously known for being very attentive dogs as well. Thanks their their high adaptive IQ, they’re outstanding at reading emotions and people. It’s why so many owners love them.

However, these dogs are likely to suffer from separation anxiety. They were bred to keep you company, but they require human companionship too. If you’re a busy person with little time, a Crestie may not be a good fit.

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5. Ecuadorian Hairless Dog

Highlights: Elegant, Loving, Lively

As the name says it, the Ecuadorian Hairless is a hairless dog originating from the Santa Elena Peninsula in Ecuador. Even today, the Ecuadorian is considered to be one of the rarest and most unique among all hairless dog breeds.

They can grow up to 18 inches tall with very little hair. In fact, a small amount of fur can often be found on the top of the head, and that’s it. However, what makes this hairless dog even more unique is that they’ll have no premolar teeth. For reference, dogs typically have around 16 of these teeth.

Also, the Ecuadorian Hairless is also a descendant of the Peruvian Hairless dog. It makes sense, since the two countries are next to one another and they share similar qualities.

Ecuadorian Hairless Temperament

Unfortunately, these dogs are so rare that there is very little information on the temperament of the rare Ecuadorian Hairless. We do know that these dogs tend to present themselves in an elegant manner. An Ecuadorian walks with grace and pride.

That is, they run around with grace, much like a Poodle would. Ecuadorians are also lively and energetic dogs, requiring a decent amount of exercise on the daily basis. But we would bet they’d love to lounge around with the family too.

Much like the Peruvian, this hairless breed was originally used as hunting dogs. So expect to see the same prey-drive and instincts. This means they aren’t suited for small children, unless you plan to frequently socialize them early on.

6. Argentine Pila Dog

Highlights: Playful, Loving, Cheerful

The Argentine Pila dog is a hairless breed that’s similar to the Hairless Khala. The two share a similarity in both looks and personality. The Pila dog, however, is a great companion that come in three sizes. One can be as small as 10 inches, but as large as 18 inches.

The build of their frame resembles a Miniature Pinscher, with a shorter back and an elevated curly tail. Because of their unique body structure, they’re very agile dogs that can run, jump and climb trees with little effort.

Much like many other hairless dogs, there are coated versions of the Pila dog. They’ll have a fur coat similar to that of a Chinese Crested Powderpuff. Though, they were seen as “impure” dogs and thus, were not purposely bred for.

Argentine Pila Dog Temperament

The Argentine Pila is a playful and energetic dog that loves to run and play hard. On the field, they can be sneaky athletic and they know it too. So, expect them to be all over the place. Even so, these dogs are easy to raise.

Not only are they great apartment dogs, but there is little care and grooming needed for their skin and fuzz. Plus, they’re quite adaptable as long as they’re not dealing with colder climate. The eagerness of the Pila makes them highly obedient too.

Argentine Pila dogs can make great watchdogs. With a guard dog mentality, they’re curious yet cautious around strangers. They will bark, but they’re non-aggressive dogs. And if you have kids, they’re superb companions and playmates for them.

7. Hairless Chihuahua

Highlights: Alert, Affectionate, Sassy

Hairless or not, the Chihuahua is one of the most popular toy dog breeds in America. Most will sport the short single (sometimes double) coat, but did you know that there’s a hairless version too? This variety is much more rare, but they do exist.

There’s often a lot of confusion between the hairless Chihuahua and a Xoloitzcuintli. People will call often call either dogs the Mexican Hairless dog. But despite this, the Xoloitzcuintli is the true Mexican Hairless dog.

People don’t breed Chihuahuas to be hairless, rather it’s a genetic defect that occurs far less than with other hairless dogs. So if you get the opportunity to keep or even meet a Hairless Chi, then you’re quite the lucky person!

Hairless Chihuahua Temperament

Temperament and personality between a hairless and coated Chihuahua are the same. The difference is in dog care, as the hairless may be more susceptible to skin conditions and will require more attention. But this doesn’t mean a coated Chihuahua won’t be.

Although one of the smallest breed, Chihuahuas have a big personality. They’re bold, spirited and sassy. Many owners describe them as dogs with “terrier-like” demeanors. Chihuahuas can be very protective of the family and have strong territorial instincts.

If you’ve ever been barked at by a Chihuahua then you know exactly what we mean. They can get along with older kids, as long as there’s no rough play. Also, they’ve been unfairly labeled as “dumb dogs.” In reality, they’re just stubborn, but very smart.

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8. Abyssinian Sand Terrier

Highlights: Fearless, Obedient, Loving

This ancient and rare hairless terrier originates from Africa and are not well known on the international level. While some are completely hairless, few have clumps of fine hair on the top of the head and tip of the tail.

The physical trait that makes the Abyssinian unique are the ears that resemble that of a bat’s. They tend to come in a dark gray with patches of pink throughout the body. They’re slim dogs, but can be as lively as dogs come.

The origins of these hairless breeds are unclear. In the past, these dogs were revered because they were thought to have healing powers. Plus, historians believe they were used to breed many hairless dogs on this list, including the Chinese Crested.

Abyssinian Sand Terrier Temperament

For the most part, Abyssinians are quiet terriers – which isn’t a very terrier-like quality. In fact, owners claim these dogs are born without knowing how to bark. They have to be taught to do so, according to experienced owners.

And like the Chihuahua, the Abyssinian Sand Terriers are fearless and courageous. Being small won’t stop them from defending their family and house. As such, they can make great watchdogs, though they’re too small to be guard dogs.

Part of the reason why they’re so keen on protecting family is being of their unwavering loyalty and love for the pack. They will always have their backs. That said, they typically do well with kids and other dogs of the same household.

9. Bolivian Hairless Dog

Highlights: Alert, Loyal, Protective

The Bolivian Hairless, also called the Hairless Khala, is a rare hairless dog breed from Bolivia. There are actually two variations. The Khala Medio is a small stubby dog, while the Khala Grande is the larger and sturdy sighthound-type Khala.

Bolivian Hairless dogs are primitive dogs. In other words, they weren’t purpose-bred for a job or role in society. Rather, these dogs are believed to have naturally transitioned and evolved into a hunting and companion dog.

Today, it’s quite difficult to find these dogs, even on the South American continent. However, few can be found in Mexico and Central America. They have not been recognized by any major kennel clubs, thus a Bolivian Hairless is almost non-existent in North America.

Hairless Khala Temperament

The Hairless Khala has many typical traits and qualities of a primitive dog, which they are. Though they can grow to love the family in time, they’re generally standoffish and alert around strangers. They’ll need time to warm up.

That being said, these dogs need a lot of socialization at an early age. Only then, will these dogs learn to differentiate “good and bad” people. These dogs need positive praises with a firm yet gentle, and consistent hand.

By establishing leadership, you’ll have no problems training this breed. They can appear shy at first, but that’s because try to avoid confrontation. So while they can make good watchdogs, they’re probably not great guard dogs.

10. Jonangi Dog

Highlights: Spunky, Alert, Devoted

The Jonangi is the only Indian hairless dog breed still in existence. Originating from the Andhra Pradesh State of India, the Jonangi is a skilled multi-purpose dog. Not only are they first-class hunting dogs, but they’re excellent at herding ducks.

Unfortunately, duck farming had drastically declined in India during the past decades, leaving many of these dogs “jobless” and abandoned. As a result, many of them became stray dogs eventually learned to survive without humans.

After living on their own for years, they had to develop new skills, such as an effective fishing tactic. Because they’re now fish-hunting dogs, local farmers weren’t happy and eventually put them at the brink of extinction.

Jonangi Temperament

Jonangi dogs are one-person dogs, though they can still thrive in a big family setting. They’re famously known to develop a strong attachment to one person of a family. With this breed, you will need to provide a lot of socialization early on.

Interestingly enough, Jonangi dogs have the quirky habit of digging large holes. It’s just their way of expending all their energy. When they’re just relaxing or lounging around, expect them to be hanging out in a large ditch that they proudly dug.

A working Jonangi will be very active and energetic. After all, they were bred to tirelessly swim in water for long periods. They’re known for being agile and lightning fast – on both water and on land. And with huge long strides, they’ll outrun most animals.

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Extinct Hairless Dogs

Hairless dogs, as you may have guessed, are not nearly as popular as their coated furry counterparts. And when demand for these unique dogs are low, so are suppliers (breeders).

Because of this, many hairless dog breeds have gone extinct. Aside from the Chinese Crested and Hairless Chihuahua, there aren’t any hairless breeds that are considered anywhere close to being popular today.

The list of extinct hairless dogs is long. These extinct dogs include the African Elephant dog, African Sand dog, Ceylon Hairless dog and Egyptian Hairless dog (the cousin of an African Sand dog).

In addition, the Guatemalan Hairless dog, Indian Hairless dog (sighthound), Mayan hairless dog, Nubian dog, Small African Greyhound, Thai Hairless Boran dog and Turkish Hairless dog are all extinct too.

How to Properly Care For a Hairless Dog

Taking care of a hairless dog breed isn’t exactly same as with a their furry counterparts. They require a bit more attention and care. And, there are also different things to look out for. As the owner, the health and happiness of your dog is in your hands.

So if you’re planning to bring home a hairless dog, here’s everything you need to know to give your dog the proper care and necessities they’ll need.

Things to Consider

The first thing that comes to most owners’ mind is the lack of protection of the skin. Unless you plan to dress up your dog every day, there are things you’ll need to be aware of.

Hairless breeds are susceptible to all types of skin conditions due to the obvious “lack of protection.” For instance, they’re prone to developing rashes, becoming sunburnt and even developing acne in a few rarer cases.

With little to no fur, there is little insulation on their skin. In other words, hairless dog breeds need to be protected from extreme temperatures, whether cold and hot. They’ll freeze in cold snowy climates, but can’t stay under the harsh sun for long.

Hairless dogs are unique, but they come with a price (figuratively and literally). Most of the extra care or attention is related to grooming, as one may guess.

Grooming Hairless Dogs

There’s a common misconception regarding hairless dog breeds. If you think hairless dogs will not need grooming, you’re wrong. Though they may be hypoallergenic dogs, the grooming can sometimes be a bit more difficult.

Because there’s no fur coat, you’ll need to have extra precautions, especially if they spend a great deal of time outside. Believe it or not, a hairless dog will need to put on some sunscreen for protection from the sun, especially if they plan to spend prolonged time outdoors.

I recommend investing in some essential oil sunscreen for your dog. Though I’ve never used it, I’ve heard good things about the Gerrard Larriett sunscreen for dogs. There are plenty of good reviews on Amazon to make it worth checking out.

However, if you already have children’s sunscreen at home, that’s also a good choice. Those will usually be non-toxic while remaining gentle on the skin.

And because a hairless dog is constantly exposed to the elements of the environment, you’ll need to keep up with regular bathing. Never use a human’s shampoo or condition on your dog, let alone a breed with sensitive skin.

The best choice may be an all-natural oatmeal based shampoo. In fact, we recommend this with all dogs, regardless of coat. This type of dog shampoo can be very mild and will keep your dog’s pH in balance.

Here are some oatmeal based dog shampoos that I’ve personally tried and love:

1. Pro Pet Works All Natural Oatmeal Dog Shampoo – Made in the USA and the one that i’ve been using for years! It’s perfect for a hairless dog and smells great too.
2. Earthbath All Natural Dog Shampoo – Having been on the market for so long, this time-tested shampoo is loved by so many owners. I just started trying this out, but so far so good!

Moisturizers are also important for hairless breeds. However, you can purchase one that’s also a sunscreen! The two-in-one option will be the most cost effective.

Just make sure you look for moisturizers that are “comedogenic.” They won’t cover your dog’s pores, and will prevent acne and blackheads.

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Did we miss any hairless dog breeds that deserve to be on the list? Which is your favorite hairless dog? Let us know in the comments section below!

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